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' M 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

\ J. VERNON.

MANUFACTURE OF HORSESHOES.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. VERNON. MANUFAGTURB 0P HORSESHOES.

Patented Dec we NORRIS PEYERS cu, wonru'mo msmmnou, n. c.

3 SheetsSheet 3..

(N0 Modl.)

RNON.-

OFHORSBSHOES.

Patented Dec. 1; 1891.

I r-w I I I I I I I JJW NIT

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES VERNON, OF NEWTON-STEVVART, SCOTLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF HORSESHOES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,209, dated December 1, 1891.

Application filed November 18, 1889. Serial No. 330,739. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known'that I, JAMES VERNON, of-Newton-Stewart, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Mannfacture of Horseshoes, of which the following is a specificatiom i The object of the present invention is to provide for the manufacture of horseshoes complete in one operation with the view to obviate the necessity of making separately the nail-holes, clips, calkins, or other recesses or projections which may be required.

In carrying out my invention I avail myself of the process of casting and annealing iron and steel, and I employ a mold which will enable me to produce, by casting, ashoe of the form required in a single operation, which may be afterward rendered fit for use by the well-known annealing process.

The mold constructed according to my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereof Figurel is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 an end view, lookin gin the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the mold mounted in a block. Fig. 4 is a detail in plan, to be presently described. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan, the section being taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 6 is a detail section on the line 6 6 of Figs. 1 and 2, showing the chisel and operating parts.

The mold or chill is preferably of cast metal, which may be lined with fire-clay, plumbago, or other suitable lining material required. It is of two partsa stationary back part A and movable front part or cover A. The back part A is by preference recessed to the form of the casting, and the cover A is plain, save for the depression for the toe-clips of the shoe and recesses for anti-concussion pads, if used.

Between the two parts of the mold is the runner-hole B for admitting the molten metal.

The stationary or back part A of the mold, which is set in a metal block, as indicated in Fig. 3, or otherwise suitably supported, carries a pair of guide-rods O O whereon the cover A slides.

For the purpose of forming the nail-holes the following mechanism is employed: A series of nail-hole cores or plugs d, corresponding to the holes to be formed in the shoe, pass through the'stationary back part A and are pivotally mounted on a carrier D, preferably by a slotted pivotal connection to lugs provided with a key or lever F for controlling it. By the movement of the lever, F in one direction the carrier D and cores d are retracted againstthe tension of springs e and the cores withdrawn from the mold. Upon the movement of the lever in the opposite direction the carrier is released and the cores are returned to the osition shown in the drawings by springsi H is a locking-lever pivoted centrally of the cover A and arranged to'engage with the heads of pins or a, carried by the back part A and passing through the cover A.

I is a horizontally-sliding chisel carried by the back partAof the chill for cutting off the runner from the casting.

I is a lever for rotating the vertical. shaft t", upon the end of which is the cam 11 for operating the chisel I.

J is a lever which may be pivoted to-the mold-support (see Fig. 3) and employed to disengage the locking-lever II when it is desired to open the mold. v

In mounting the mold a block M will preferably be employed on which the mold is secured in position to leave a space an in the supporting-block, as shown in Fig. 3, in which a heated iron may be introduced for warming the mold before being used.

To cast a shoe of a given size the mold of the proper dimensions is taken and closed, as illustrated. The molten metal poured into the runner-hole B flows all around the nailhole cores and fills up the mold. Justbefore the metal sets the chisel I is advanced to strike ofi the runner above the toe of the shoe. After themetal has set the mold is opened by releasing the locking-lever and withdrawing the cover. The cores d are then drawn back clear of the casting by the plate D and cam-shaft operating the same. The casting will thus be allowed to fall from the mold onto the ground, whence it is removed to the annealing-furnace to be submitted to the toughening process, which will render it fit for use.

By preference a set or sets of molds are arranged in a bench or table in such a way that they may be removed and others substituted when different forms and sizes of shoe are desired to be made.

The back part A of the mold is, as has been described, preferably pierced to permit the passage of a group of cores for the nail-holes; but in some cases the movable cores may be superseded by cores of sand or clay inserted in the mold in the proper positions, after the manner of ordinary cores, and afterward picked out in the usual way. In any case the holes pierced in the mold will form guides for the inclination of the cores, and will thus insure the proper inclination of the nail-holes in the shoe.

By the use of the nail-hole cores having a pivotal connection to the carrier I am enabled to withdraw all the cores from the casting simultaneously. As is well known, the nail-holes in horseshoes are formed at varying inclinations, corresponding with the natural angle of the hoof, which is acute at the toe and less so toward the quarters, the object being to get a good grip of the horn at all points without endangering the quick or sensitive partof the hoof. In machine-made shoes the withdrawal of' all the cores at the same moment has heretofore been found impracticable when the cores are set at different angles, which difficulty is avoided by my construction.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. The combination,with a horseshoe-mold having openings for the nail-hole cores, of nail-hole cores set at different angles and a movable carrier on which the nailehole cores are loosely mounted independently of each other, substantially as described.

2. lhecombination,with a horseshoe-mold having openings for the nail-hole cores, of nailhole cores set at different angles, and a movable carrier on which the nail-hole cores are on which all the cores are mounted independently of each other by slotted pivotal connections, guide-rods E, on which the carrier slides, springs e for advancing the cores, and cams f and lever F for retracting-the cores, substantially as described.

5. In a horseshoe-mold, the combination of the stationary back part A, having openings for the nail-hole cores, movable cover A, having runner-hole B, nail-hole cores d, set at different angles, carrier D, on which all the cores are mounted independently of each other by slotted pivotal connections, guiderods E, on which the carrier slides, springs e for advancing the cores, camsf and lever F for retracting the cores, chisel I, mounted to slide in said back part A, and means for reciprocating said chisel for cutting off the runner, substantially as described.

JAMES VERNON.

Witnesses:

D. O. CLEGHORN, JOHN DOUGLAS, Both of 45 West George St, Glasgow, Clerks. 

